One-way function converting data into a fixed-size output, used for integrity verification and password storage.
Hashing is a one-way cryptographic function that converts any input into a fixed-size output (hash). Unlike encryption, hashing cannot be reversed—you can't recover the original data from its hash. Identical inputs always produce identical hashes; any change produces completely different output. Hashing verifies data integrity (compare hashes to detect changes), stores passwords securely (store hash, not password), and identifies files (malware detection). Common algorithms include SHA-256 and SHA-3.
Why It Matters
The DSC Perspective:
Hashing enables integrity verification and secure password storage. Passwords should never be stored in plaintext—only hashed. File hashes help verify downloads and detect tampering.