Process of converting readable data into coded form that requires a key to decode.
Encryption transforms readable data (plaintext) into encoded form (ciphertext) using algorithms and keys. Only those with the correct decryption key can reverse the process. Symmetric encryption uses the same key for encryption and decryption; asymmetric encryption uses key pairs (public for encryption, private for decryption). Encryption protects data at rest (stored data), in transit (network communications), and increasingly in use (homomorphic encryption). Strong encryption (AES-256) is effectively unbreakable.
Why It Matters
The DSC Perspective:
Encryption is essential protection for sensitive data. Encrypt data at rest on devices and servers, in transit across networks, and in backups. Encrypted data breaches often don't require notification.